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Baruch Spinoza (Benedito de Espinosa 1632 - 1677, later Benedict de Spinoza) was a Dutch philosopher. The breadth and importance of Spinoza's work was not fully realized until years after his death. By laying the groundwork for the 18th century Enlightenmen and modern biblical criticism, including modern conceptions of the self and, arguably, the universe, he came to be considered one of the great rationalists of 17th-century philosophy. His magnum opus, the posthumous Ethics, in which he opposed Descartes's mind-body dualism, has earned him recognition as one of Western philosophy's most important thinkers. In the Ethics, "Spinoza wrote the last indisputable Latin masterpiece, and one in wh...
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An early voice calling for reason as the ruler of the human mind, and a man with, at best, a Deistic outlook on religion, Spinoza is perhaps the first truly modern philosopher. He is certainly the first modern critic of the Bible. His devoted adherents include many great names of 19th-century literature: Goethe, Coleridge, Shelley, and George Eliot were deeply swayed by his writing; in the 20th century, Albert Einstein claimed Spinoza's deterministic outlook as an abiding influence; understanding the writings of all these figures is greatly enhanced by an appreciation of Spinoza. In Theologico-Political Treatise, first published anonymously in 1670, Spinoza rails against religious intolerance and calls for governments to be entirely secular. His Political Treatise, unfinished at his death, was published only posthumously, and deals with democratic government. Dutch philosopher BENEDICT DE SPINOZA (1632-1677), alternately and paradoxically known as "the best Jew" and "the best atheist," is best known for his Ethics.
"The Philosophy Of Spinoza" by Benedictus De Spinoza - A Rational Exploration of God, Nature, and Human Existence Delve into the thought-provoking realm of "The Philosophy Of Spinoza", a monumental work by Dutch philosopher Benedictus De Spinoza. Known for his elaborate system of thought, Spinoza offers readers a unique lens through which to explore the relationship between God, nature, and human existence. Underpinning Spinoza's philosophy is a commitment to rationalism and a rejection of traditional religious dogmas. In this text, Spinoza boldly asserts that God and the universe are one and the same - a concept known as 'pantheism'. The individual's place in this world, according to Spinoz...