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Magnetosheaths
A magnetosheath is a transition region of shocked, heated, and deflected plasma that resides in front of a solar system object. It plays a crucial, yet often neglected, role in regulating the interaction between the solar wind and the obstacle. As the era of single satellite observations evolves into one of multi-satellite and cluster observations, alongside advances in computing resources and numerical methods, our knowledge of the details of the interactions that occur in the magnetosheath region is expanding rapidly. The Cluster, THEMIS, MMS, and Geotail spacecraft have added remarkable information on the microphysics, dynamics, and spatial and temporal variations of the Earth’s magneto...
The Earth's Plasmasphere
James L. Burch·C. Philippe Escoubet Originally published in the journal Space Science Reviews, Volume 145, Nos 1–2, 1–2. DOI: 10. 1007/s11214-009-9532-7 © Springer Science+Business Media B. V. 2009 The IMAGE and CLUSTER spacecraft have revolutionized our understanding of the inner magnetosphere and in particular the plasmasphere. Before launch, the plasmasphere was not a prime objective of the CLUSTER mission. In fact, CLUSTER might not have ever observed this region because a few years before the CLUSTER launch (at the beginning of the 1990s), it was proposed to raise the perigee of the orbit to 8 Earth radii to make multipoint measu- ments in the current disruption region in the tail...
Past, Present and Future Of Multispacecraft Measurements For Space Physics
Multi-spacecraft scientific missions for space physics have been flown since the 1960s with early missions such as IMP, VELA, Helios, and ISEE. Much of the success in understanding the Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere and the physics and evolution of the solar wind has come from multi-spacecraft measurements. Multi-spacecraft measurements have been essential for studying the transport of plasma and energy, the motion of boundaries, the evolution of structure, the growth of instabilities, particle injections, and the rudiments of cross-scale coupling, and they have allowed accurate determinations of the orientation of plasma boundaries and current sheets, the geometry of magnetic field structures, the remote connections along magnetic field lines, and the direction of plasma-wave vectors. Multispacecraft missions continue into the present including planned constellation-type missions plus the use of the Heliophysics Great Observatory, a collection of data from diverse spacecraft throughout the heliosphere. Modern four-spacecraft volumetric measurements are enabling the measurement of the gradients, divergences and curls of the vector fields.
Dawn-Dusk Asymmetries in Planetary Plasma Environments
DawnDusk Asymmetries in Planetary Plasma Environments Dawn-dusk asymmetries are ubiquitous features of the plasma environment of many of the planets in our solar system. They occur when a particular process or feature is more pronounced at one side of a planet than the other. For example, recent observations indicate that Earth's magnetopause is thicker at dawn than at dusk. Likewise, auroral breakups at Earth are more likely to occur in the pre-midnight than post-midnight sectors. Increasing availability of remotely sensed and in situ measurements of planetary ionospheres, magnetospheres and their interfaces to the solar wind have revealed significant and persistent dawn-dusk asymmetries. A...
Annales Geophysicae
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Fall Meeting
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Substorms 2
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