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In The Language of Strong Black Womanhood: Myths, Models, Messages, and a New Mandate for Self-Care, Black women of the Baby Boomer generation and Hip Hop generation share messages communicated and models witnessed in their socialization for strength revealing how this mandate endures in Black women’s lived experiences. They also express concern that self-care was not presented as critical for sustaining life as a strong Black woman—a concern shared by Black women bloggers who advocate resisting the myth and redefining strength for self-care. This Black feminist exploration of strong Black womanhood provides an alternative to harmful perceptions, constructions, and representations of Black women and suggests a mandate to move toward the revolutionary act of Black women’s self-care.
This report describes how strong-motion records obtained from the earthquake induced motions of highway bridges may be analyzed for use in the evaluation of bridge designs and bridge design procedures. This report is divided into five principal sections. The first section describes strong-motion instrumentation and strong-motion records. In the second section, a mathematical model for the dynamic response of bridges to strong ground shaking is formulated. The third section describes how analog records scaled by hand can be analyzed. Force levels throughout bridges and mathematical model parameters are found from hypothetical strong motions for two example bridges. The fourth section describes how digitized records can be analyzed. A linear least-squares fitting procedure in the time domain for identifying mathematical model parameters from recorded strong motions is described. Hypothetical motions for three example bridges are analyzed using this procedure to yield best-fit mathematical models. The last section consists of appendices. Included are a more extensive introduction to dynamics of structures and listings of the programs used to identify the best-fit mathematical models.