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Phytoremediation: Methods and Reviews presents the most innovative recent methodological developments in phytoremediation research, and outlines a variety of the contexts in which phytoremediation has begun to be applied. A significant portion of this volume is devoted to groundbreaking methods for the production of plants that are able to degrade, take up, or tolerate the effects of pollutants. Phytoremediation: Methods and Reviews adopts a multidisciplinary approach to the examination of principles and practices of phytoremediation, from molecular manipulation to field application. Parts I and II discuss detailed protocols for achieving several different goals of phytoremediation, includin...
Microorganisms are important participants in supporting the functionality and diversity of terrestrial ecosystems. The microbial community is a key component that determines the structure, function, and complex processes of terrestrial ecosystems. The patterns and mechanisms of microbial community structure and function with respect to geographical scales and environmental changes have always been a focal and hot topic in environmental microbiology, ecology, and geography research. However, with the intensification of climate change and changes caused by other human activities, the ability of terrestrial ecosystems to withstand disturbances and maintain their functionality is increasingly being put to the test. The role and changes of terrestrial ecosystem microorganisms in addressing this issue have become a global focus and challenge for research.
Graph data modeling and querying arises in many practical application domains such as social and biological networks where the primary focus is on concepts and their relationships and the rich patterns in these complex webs of interconnectivity. In this book, we present a concise unified view on the basic challenges which arise over the complete life cycle of formulating and processing queries on graph databases. To that purpose, we present all major concepts relevant to this life cycle, formulated in terms of a common and unifying ground: the property graph data model—the pre-dominant data model adopted by modern graph database systems. We aim especially to give a coherent and in-depth perspective on current graph querying and an outlook for future developments. Our presentation is self-contained, covering the relevant topics from: graph data models, graph query languages and graph query specification, graph constraints, and graph query processing. We conclude by indicatingmajor open research challenges towards the next generation of graph data management systems.
The Web has become the world’s largest database, with search being the main tool that allows organizations and individuals to exploit its huge amount of information. Search on the Web has been traditionally based on textual and structural similarities, ignoring to a large degree the semantic dimension, i.e., understanding the meaning of the query and of the document content. Combining search and semantics gives birth to the idea of semantic search. Traditional search engines have already advertised some semantic dimensions. Some of them, for instance, can enhance their generated result sets with documents that are semantically related to the query terms even though they may not include the...
Selected, peer reviewed papers from the 2012 International Conference on Energy and Environmental Protection (ICEEP 2012), June 23-24, 2012, Hohhot, China
Advances in Science and Technology of Mn+1AXn Phases presents a comprehensive review of synthesis, microstructures, properties, ab-initio calculations and applications of Mn+1AXn phases and targets the continuing research of advanced materials and ceramics. An overview of the current status, future directions, challenges and opportunities of Mn+1AXn phases that exhibit some of the best attributes of metals and ceramics is included. Students of materials science and engineering at postgraduate level will value this book as a reference source at an international level for both teaching and research in materials science and engineering. In addition to students the principal audiences of this book are ceramic researchers, materials scientists and engineers, materials physicists and chemists. The book is also an invaluable reference for the professional materials and ceramics societies. - The most up-to-date and comprehensive research data on MAX phases is presented - Written by highly knowledgeable and well-respected researchers in the field - Discusses new and unusual properties
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