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Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) is a nontransformational theory of linguistic structure, first developed in the 1970s by Joan Bresnan and Ronald M. Kaplan, which assumes that language is best described and modeled by parallel structures representing different facets of linguistic organization and information, related by means of functional correspondences. This volume has five parts. Part I, Overview and Introduction, provides an introduction to core syntactic concepts and representations. Part II, Grammatical Phenomena, reviews LFG work on a range of grammatical phenomena or constructions. Part III, Grammatical modules and interfaces, provides an overview of LFG work on semantics, argument...
This collective volume breaks new ground in studies of linguistic complexity by addressing this phenomenon in heritage languages. It dismisses with the conception that heritage languages are less complex than their baseline or homeland counterparts and shows complexity trade-offs at various levels of linguistic representation. The authors consider defining properties of complexity as a phenomenon, diagnostics of complexity, and the ways complexity is modeled, measured, or operationalized in language sciences. The chapters showcase several bilingual dyads and offer new empirical data on heritage language production and use.
Jodoh itu penuh keunikan. Apabila semakin dikejar, semakin dia berlalu pergi. Apabila kita hanya menanti, usahkan hadir, bayangnya juga belum pasti. Kadangkala, antara jodoh dan nafsu, kita sering terkeliru. Adakah dia jodoh ditunggu, ataupun dia sekadar menyapa sambil berlalu. Kadangkala hadirnya tidak disangka. Dia rupa-rupanya, jodoh untuk kita. Rencam jodoh, manisnya dapat mendamaikan hati, pahitnya dapat menghancurkan diri. Misterinya dia, hanya Tuhan Maha Mengetahui. Apabila dia menyapa, jodohkah namanya
This book develops a theory of enriched meanings for natural language interpretation that uses the concept of monads and related ideas from category theory, a branch of mathematics that has been influential in theoretical computer science and elsewhere. Certain expressions that exhibit complex effects at the semantics/pragmatics boundary live in an enriched meaning space, while others live in a more basic meaning space. These basic meanings are mapped to enriched meanings only when required compositionally, which avoids generalizing meanings to the worst case. Ash Asudeh and Gianluca Giorgolo show that the monadic theory of enriched meanings offers a formally and computationally well-defined...
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