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This volume honors Professor Andrzej Grzegorczyk, the nestor of Polish logicians, on his 85th anniversary. The editors would like to express the respect and sympathy they have for him. His textbook The Outline of Mathematical Logic has been published in many editions and translated into several languages. It was this textbook that introduced many of us into the world of mathematical logic. Professor Grzegorczyk has made fundamental contributions to logic and to philosophy. His results, mainly on hierarchy of primitive recursive functions, known as the Grzegorczyk hierarchy, are of fundamental importance to theoretical computer science. In particular, they were precursory for the computationa...
In decision theory there are basically two appr~hes to the modeling of individual choice: one is based on an absolute representation of preferences leading to a ntDnerical expression of preference intensity. This is utility theory. Another approach is based on binary relations that encode pairwise preference. While the former has mainly blossomed in the Anglo-Saxon academic world, the latter is mostly advocated in continental Europe, including Russia. The advantage of the utility theory approach is that it integrates uncertainty about the state of nature, that may affect the consequences of decision. Then, the problems of choice and ranking from the knowledge of preferences become trivial on...
This volume is a collection of papers presented at the international conference on Nonlinear Mathematics for Uncertainty and Its Applications (NLMUA2011), held at Beijing University of Technology during the week of September 7--9, 2011. The conference brought together leading researchers and practitioners involved with all aspects of nonlinear mathematics for uncertainty and its applications. Over the last fifty years there have been many attempts in extending the theory of classical probability and statistical models to the generalized one which can cope with problems of inference and decision making when the model-related information is scarce, vague, ambiguous, or incomplete. Such attempt...
This book presents contributions and review articles on the theory of copulas and their applications. The authoritative and refereed contributions review the latest findings in the area with emphasis on “classical” topics like distributions with fixed marginals, measures of association, construction of copulas with given additional information, etc. The book celebrates the 75th birthday of Professor Roger B. Nelsen and his outstanding contribution to the development of copula theory. Most of the book’s contributions were presented at the conference “Copulas and Their Applications” held in his honor in Almería, Spain, July 3-5, 2017. The chapter 'When Gumbel met Galambos' is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
There is no branch of mathematics, however abstract, which may not some day be applied to phenomena of the real world. - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobatchevsky This book is an extensively-revised and expanded version of "The Theory of Semirings, with Applicationsin Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science" [Golan, 1992], first published by Longman. When that book went out of print, it became clear - in light of the significant advances in semiring theory over the past years and its new important applications in such areas as idempotent analysis and the theory of discrete-event dynamical systems - that a second edition incorporating minor changes would not be sufficient and that a major revision ...
In this paper, we present the lattice structures of neutrosophic theories. We prove that Zhang-Zhang’s YinYang bipolar fuzzy set is a subclass of the Single-Valued bipolar neutrosophic set. Then we show that the pair structure is a particular case of refined neutrosophy, and the number of types of neutralities (sub-indeterminacies) may be any finite or infinite number.
This book integrates fuzzy rule-languages with genetic algorithms, genetic programming, and classifier systems with the goal of obtaining fuzzy rule-based expert systems with learning capabilities. The main topics are first introduced by solving small problems, then a prototype implementation of the algorithm is explained, and last but not least the theoretical foundations are given. The second edition takes into account the rapid progress in the application of fuzzy genetic algorithms with a survey of recent developments in the field. The chapter on genetic programming has been revised. An exact uniform initialization algorithm replaces the heuristic presented in the first edition. A new method of abstraction, compound derivations, is introduced.
In 1965 Lotfi Zadeh, a professor of electrical engineering at the University of California in Berkeley, published the first of his papers on his new Fuzzy Set Theory. Since the 1980s this mathematical theory of "unsharp amounts" has been applied in many different fields with great success. The word "fuzzy" has also become very well-known among non-scientists thanks to extensive advertising campaigns for fuzzy-controlled household appliances and to their prominent presence in the media, first in Japan and then in other countries. On the other hand, the story of how Fuzzy Set Theory and its earliest applications originated remains largely unknown. In this book, the history of Fuzzy Set Theory and the ways it was first used are incorporated into the history of 20th century science and technology. Influences from philosophy, system theory and cybernetics stemming from the earliest part of the 20th century are considered alongside those of communication and control theory from mid-century. Today, Fuzzy Set Theory is the core discipline of "soft computing," and provides new impetus for research in the field of Artificial Intelligence.
Contains articles of significant interest to mathematicians, including reports on current mathematical research.