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This Three-volume set CCIS 2303-2305 constitutes the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Pattern Recognition, ISPR 2024, held in Istanbul, Turkey, in June 26–28, 2024. The 77 full papers presented were thoroughly reviewed and selected from the 210 submissions. The conference provided an interdisciplinary forum for the exchange of innovative advancements in the fields of artificial intelligence and pattern recognition.
Analysis of how to prevent war and reinforce UN systems by imposing accountability on individuals and states for the unlawful use of force.
This edited book examines the growing worldwide phenomenon of civilizational populism in democratic nation-states and brings together research that explores this in a wide variety of religious, political, and geographic contexts. In doing so, the book shows how, from Europe to India and Pakistan, and from Indonesia to the Americas, populists increasingly define national belonging through civilizational identity, claiming that the world can be divided into several religion-defined civilizations with incompatible values. The volume also discusses the complex relationship between civilizational populism, democracy and nationalism and shows how nationalists often use civilizational identity to help define ingroups and outgroups within their society. With this, the book investigates the salience of the concept, its widespread and influential nature, and also explains how populists construct civilizational identities, and the factors behind the rise of civilizational populism.
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This book presents a new theoretical model for mapping how populist leaders construct “the people”, using simultaneous processes of inclusion and exclusion. Applying this model to Pakistan's distinctive political landscape, the work analyzes the populist discourse of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto and Imran Khan, highlighting the key similarities and differences in their construct. The comparative analysis underlines how Pakistan’s political history, including the role of religion, the military, and dynastic politics, shapes populist politics in the country. By centering a non-Western case, this book challenges dominant frameworks and offers an accessible, comparative lens on populist discourse. It will be of interest to scholars and students of populism, Pakistani politics, and discourse analysis, as well as to those interested in the broader dynamics of democratization in hybrid political systems.
Based on semi-structured interviews with ordinary citizens in Pakistan, this book analyses the complex relationship between populism, political identity, and historical experiences in Pakistan, highlighting how populist discourse influences and is influenced by varied interpretations of Pakistaniat - the identification with Pakistan. It introduces a novel theoretical framework for analysing populism in the public sphere, using Laclau's view of populism as a discursive logic and Panizza's definition as a mode of identification. This connection allows for a deeper understanding of how populist constructs form a collective identity amidst diverse demands, particularly through the concept of "the people" as an empty signifier. The book also examines the multiple meanings associated with Pakistani identity and their ties to the rise of populism, addressing gaps in existing literature regarding the demand side of populism and its impact on both politicians and the public.
This book examines the critical intersection of religion, democracy, and political leadership in three prominent Muslim-majority states—Malaysia, Pakistan, and Turkey. It offers a comparative analysis of the political careers and strategies of Mahathir Mohamad, Nawaz Sharif, and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, exploring how these leaders have strategically instrumentalised religion to shape their political narratives, mobilise public support, and consolidate power. By examining the adaptive use of religion as a tool for governance, the book sheds light on the broader dynamics of religious politics in contemporary democracies. Using qualitative research methods, the book investigates the political r...
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