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Malaria is a major cause of death in tropical and sub-tropical countries presenting about 627,000 deaths and 241 million cases in the world. Malaria is still an important public health problem that needs to be more effectively controlled. Delays in diagnosis and treatment are responsible for the most deaths in many countries. Moreover, in most of malaria-endemic countries, the lack of resources is a huge barrier to reliable and timely diagnosis.
Animal venoms are complex mixtures of bioactive peptides and proteins with diverse pharmacological effects. These active molecules make up the components of venom toxins responsible for many pathological outcomes in snake envenomation. Although venom toxins can be deadly, they can potentially be lifesaving once their respective pharmacological targets and mechanistic actions are better understood. For example, the discovery of captopril from Brazilian viper, Bothrops jararaca venom which has been shown to antagonise angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) for the treatment of hypertension.
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