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Truth and Fake in the Post-Factual Digital Age
The increase in fake news, the growing influence on elections, increasing false reports and targeted disinformation campaigns are not least a consequence of advancing digitalisation. Information technology is needed to put a stop to these undesirable developments. With intelligent algorithms and refined data analysis, fakes must be detected more quickly in the future and their spread prevented. However, in order to meaningfully recognize and filter fakes by means of artificial intelligence, it must be possible to distinguish fakes from facts, facts from fictions, and fictions from fakes. This book therefore also asks questions about the distinctions of fake, factual and fictional. The underlying theories of truth are discussed, and practical-technical ways of differentiating truth from falsity are outlined. By considering the fictional as well as the assumption that information-technical further development can profit from humanities knowledge, the authors hope that content-related, technical and methodological challenges of the present and future can be overcome.
Intelligent Computer Mathematics
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Intelligent Computer Mathematics, CICM 2021, held in Timisoara, Romania, in July 2021*. The 12 full papers, 7 system descriptions, 1 system entry, and 3 abstracts of invited papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 38 submissions. The papers focus on advances in formalization, automatic theorem proving and learning, search and classification, teaching and geometric reasoning, and logic and systems, among other topics. * The conference was held virtually due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Analyzing Non-Textual Content Elements to Detect Academic Plagiarism
Identifying plagiarism is a pressing problem for research institutions, publishers, and funding bodies. Current detection methods focus on textual analysis and find copied, moderately reworded, or translated content. However, detecting more subtle forms of plagiarism, including strong paraphrasing, sense-for-sense translations, or the reuse of non-textual content and ideas, remains a challenge. This book presents a novel approach to address this problem—analyzing non-textual elements in academic documents, such as citations, images, and mathematical content. The proposed detection techniques are validated in five evaluations using confirmed plagiarism cases and exploratory searches for new...
Revealing Media Bias in News Articles
This open access book presents an interdisciplinary approach to reveal biases in English news articles reporting on a given political event. The approach named person-oriented framing analysis identifies the coverage’s different perspectives on the event by assessing how articles portray the persons involved in the event. In contrast to prior automated approaches, the identified frames are more meaningful and substantially present in person-oriented news coverage. The book is structured in seven chapters: Chapter 1 presents a few of the severe problems caused by slanted news coverage and identifies the research gap that motivated the research described in this thesis. Chapter 2 discusses m...
Making Presentation Math Computable
This Open-Access-book addresses the issue of translating mathematical expressions from LaTeX to the syntax of Computer Algebra Systems (CAS). Over the past decades, especially in the domain of Sciences, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), LaTeX has become the de-facto standard to typeset mathematical formulae in publications. Since scientists are generally required to publish their work, LaTeX has become an integral part of today's publishing workflow. On the other hand, modern research increasingly relies on CAS to simplify, manipulate, compute, and visualize mathematics. However, existing LaTeX import functions in CAS are limited to simple arithmetic expressions and are, there...
Sustainable Digital Communities
This volume constitutes the proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Sustainable Digital Communities, iConference 2020, held in Boras, Sweden, in March 2020. The 27 full papers and the 48 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 178 submissions. They cover topics such as: sustainable communities; social media; information behavior; information literacy; user experience; inclusion; education; public libraries; archives and records; future of work; open data; scientometrics; AI and machine learning; methodological innovation.
Mathematical Entity Linking Methods and Applications
This research book explores the adaptation of traditional Entity Linking techniques to Mathematical Entity Linking (MathEL) for STEM disciplines, addressing the limitations of current Information Retrieval methods in handling mathematical expressions. By developing and evaluating novel MathEL approaches using AI, Machine Learning, and the Wikidata Knowledge Graph, significant progress is achieved in areas such as Formula Concept recognition, semantic formula search, mathematical question answering, physics exam question generation, and STEM document classification. The study also introduces a suite of open-source Wikimedia MathEL tools, including AnnoMathTeX, MathQA, and PhysWikiQuiz, design...
