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Ichthyology in Context (1500–1880) provides a broad spectre of early modern manifestations of human fascination with fish – “fish” understood in the early modern sense of the term, as aquatilia: all aquatic animals, including sea mammals and crustaceans. It addresses the period’s quickly growing knowledge about fish in its multiple, varied and rapidly changing interaction with culture. This topic is approached from various disciplines: history of science, cultural history, history of collections, historical ecology, art history, literary studies, and lexicology. Attention is given to the problematic questions of visual and textual representation of fish, and pre- and post-Linnean c...
In the eighteenth century, the underwater world became a site of increased investigation. Naturalists produced sumptuously illustrated books and manuscripts that captured its dazzling diversity on paper. By drawing on unique and previously unexplored visual and textual materials from libraries, archives and museums, Fish on Paper offers – for the first time – a history of how the study of fish developed into a distinct field of knowledge, ichthyology. This book shows how ichthyologists established themselves as authoritative knowers of fish through the rise of the classificatory method, defining the very category of ‘fish’ along the way. At the core of such avid attempts to chart living nature were epistemological discussions about how to best preserve fish as specimens, as well as in texts and images. The epilogue reflects on how such historical sources of past species occurrence can inform ecological research in the present.
Farmers feed cities, but starting in the nineteenth century they painted them too. Flax from Canada and the northern United States produced fibre for textiles and linseed oil for paint - critical commodities in a century when wars were fought over fibre and when increased urbanization demanded expanded paint markets. Flax Americana re-examines the changing relationships between farmers, urban consumers, and the land through a narrative of Canada’s first and most important industrial crop. Initially a specialty crop grown by Mennonites and other communities on contracts for small-town mill complexes, flax became big business in the late nineteenth century as multinational linseed oil compan...
A study of lives and landscapes in Pennsylvania’s Lackawanna Valley and “what the region’s history of mining reveals about human folly and endeavor” (The Chronicle of Higher Education). Deep mining ended decades ago in Pennsylvania’s Lackawanna Valley. The barons who made their fortunes have moved on. Low wages and high unemployment haunt the area, and the people left behind wonder whether to stay or seek their fortunes elsewhere. Bill Conlogue explores how two overlapping coal country landscapes—Scranton, Pennsylvania, and Marywood University—have coped with the devastating aftermath of mining. Examining the far-reaching environmental effects of mining, this beautifully writte...
Also available online as part of the Gale Virtual Reference Library under the title Complete dictionary of scientific biography.
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