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This book broaches the newly crafted concept of algorithmic dictatorship that draws on a plethora of human biases that creep into the algorithm and feeds into an automated decision that comes to the expense of citizens´ lives, freedoms, health, property, fair lending, and credit scoring. This book sheds a keen light on the slew of reasons in view of which artificial intelligence should be both interpretable and controllable, as opposed to merely explainable. The reason for that is straightforward: the skewed data baked into the bigoted algorithms—machine biases—spawns harrowing effects with which criminal justice has been grappling for a long-haul/drawn-out. Tallyingly, and perhaps unsu...
This book examines patent law and policy in biotechnology across the full lifecycle of the patent, focusing on the patent bargain and the public interest. It considers the central issues of how to strike an effective balance of rights, and whether public interest is adequately safeguarded - two issues that are particularly important in areas of rapidly emerging technology.
Pandemics such as Covid-19, Ebola, SARS, and influenza, as well as the necessary measures for their research, prevention, and treatment, raise a number of ethical issues that confront science, the medical profession, and health policy. This overview volume, written by renowned experts from medicine, the humanities, and the social sciences, addresses the central ethical issues in pandemics. Focusing on the disciplines of philosophy, public health, bioethics, and law, the book discusses issues of resource allocation, triage, and research, as well as restrictions on freedom, rights and duties of health professionals, and ethical aspects of digital medicine in crises. The volume is intended to s...
This book examines the often tough questions raised by infectious diseases through essays that explore a host of legal and ethical issues. The authors also offer potential solutions in order to ensure that past errors are not repeated in response to future outbreaks. The essays touch on a number of key themes, including institutional competence, the accountability and responsibility of non-state actors, the importance of pharmaceuticals, and the move towards a rights-based approach in global health. Readers gain insights into such important questions as follows: How can we help victims in other countries? What (if any) responsibility should be placed upon international organizations whose ac...
This book examines the ethical, legal and regulatory impacts that COVID-19 has had on our society and institutions.
First published in 1952, the International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (anthropology, economics, political science, and sociology) is well established as a major bibliographic reference for students, researchers and librarians in the social sciences worldwide. Key features: * Authority: Rigorous standards are applied to make the IBSS the most authoritative selective bibliography ever produced. Articles and books are selected on merit by some of the world's most expert librarians and academics. * Breadth: Today the IBSS covers over 2000 journals - more than any other comparable resource. The latest monograph publications are also included. * International Coverage: The IBSS reviews scholarship published in over thirty languages, including publications from Eastern Europe and the developing world. * User friendly organization: all non-English titles are word sections. Extensive author, subject and place name indexes are provided in both English and French.
A detailed analysis of the ethical, legal, and regulatory landscape of medical devices in the US and EU.
The relevance of big data is not limited to applications in the information technology sector but extends to other important technological fields, such as the increasingly data-driven health and life sciences. Timo Minssen and Jens Schovsbo introduce some of the challenges resulting from the intersection between big data and competition law in health and life sciences. With a focus on European competition law, they describe the increasing relevance of big data and the protection of data in health and life sciences, how these developments relate to European competition law, and what and where the main challenges are. Minssen and Schovsbo consider imperative that the legal issues raised by big data and artificial intelligence are given the highest priority by the European Commission, and they welcome that the Commission devotes efforts and resources to address competition aspects of big data and privacy in order to test whether its jurisdictional criteria are still adequate.