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New Progress on the Role of Gut Microbiota in the Incidence and Prevention of Liver Diseases
Gut microbiota and its metabolites may be protective or detrimental in liver diseases. Scientific discoveries regarding this complex role have benefited millions of patients in the past two decades. Famous examples are the leverages of short-chain fatty acids and bile acids to cure or mitigate many prevalent liver diseases. Recently, we have witnessed more and more ongoing and to-start studies to find the links between gut microbiota and gut/liver diseases. In addition, there are an increasing number of studies exploring the disruption of gut microbiome by food/environmental contaminants. Also, positive manipulation of gut microbiota using natural products has become a hot spot due to their ...
Host-Microbiota Immuno-Interactions for Personalized Microbial Therapeutics
Host-microbiota immuno-interactions are fundamental to immune regulation and the development of personalized microbial therapeutics. The human gut microbiota plays a crucial role in shaping the immune system by influencing innate and adaptive immune responses. Microbial communities interact with pattern recognition receptors on host immune cells, recognizing microbial-associated molecular patterns and initiating signaling pathways that modulate immune responses. These interactions help maintain immune homeostasis, balancing tolerance to commensal microbes with the ability to mount dynamic immune response against pathogens. Key immune cells involved in these interactions include regulatory T ...
COVID and Emerging Infectious Diseases
Over the last two years with the strain of coronavirus having a devastating effect on the world’s healthcare system and triggering a global "lockdown", one question that has emerged; What, or which infectious disease is going to hit us next? Many infectious diseases prevalent in humans and animals are caused by pathogens that once emerged from other animal hosts. In addition to these established or re-emerging infections, new infectious diseases periodically emerge. In extreme cases they may lead to pandemics as we currently are seeing. The increased urbanization and globalization of the world order with faster connectivity and traveling has further in-creased the risk factors for emerging...
Insights in Infectious Agents and Disease: 2023/2024
To shed light on the latest breakthroughs and cutting-edge research, Frontiers in Microbiology presents this compelling series of Research Topics. Spearheaded by esteemed expert, Dr. Axel Cloeckaert, this collection is dedicated to exploring novel developments, current challenges, recent discoveries, and future prospects within this section's field including but not limited to: emerging and re-emerging pathogens, zoonotic diseases and infections acquired in healthcare settings. This Research Topic welcomes forward-looking contributions from our esteemed Editorial Board Members, including both Associate and Review Editors. These insightful contributions will highlight recent accomplishments, future challenges, and strategic pathways to propel the field forward. Original Research, Reviews, Mini-Reviews, Perspectives, and Opinions that summarize the present state and future direction of the field are particularly welcome. This Research Topic aims to motivate, educate, and provide direction to researchers engaged in Infectious Agents and Disease. Please note that this collection is exclusively open to manuscripts from our Associate and Review Editorial Board Members.
Gut Microbiota and Immunity in Health and Disease: dysbiosis and eubiosis's effects on the human body
The human body gets its balance and homeostasis from the harbored useful microorganisms. Indeed, the human fetus experiences the first microbial exposure within his/her mother’s body. During the post-partum period, an infant gets formed to be inhabited by different types of useful microorganisms, e.g., archaea, bacteria, fungi, and viruses, collectively known as the microbiota. In particular, the evolution of the gut microbiota throughout life appears to play a pivotal role in both health and disease. On the one hand, metabolic regulation, homeostasis, and a strong immune system depend on gut microbiota balance or eubiosis. On the other hand, gut microbiota dysregulation or dysbiosis is observed in many diseases like diabetes, cancers, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel disorders, atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, neurological disorders, e.g., Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, mental health disorders, etc. Interestingly, environmental factors and genetics are involved. Therefore, the interconnection between host-microbiota-environments is a fascinating and emerging area of research to understand health and disease.
COVID-19 Pandemic, Geospatial Information, and Community Resilience
"The Open Access version of this book, available at https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/oa-edit/10.1201/9781003181590, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license." Geospatial information plays an important role in managing location dependent pandemic situations across different communities and domains. Geospatial information and technologies are particularly critical to strengthening urban and rural resilience, where economic, agricultural, and various social sectors all intersect. Examining the United Nations' SDGs from a geospatial lens will ensure that the challenges are addressed for all populations in different locations. This book, with worldwide contributions focused on COVID-19 pandemic, provides interdisciplinary analysis and multi-sectoral expertise on the use of geospatial information and location intelligence to support community resilience and authorities to manage pandemics.
Enhancing T Cell Function: Innovations in Cancer Immunotherapy
Cancer immunotherapy has been revolutionized by targeting specific immune subsets within the tumor microenvironment, where T cells play a pivotal role. Gene-engineered T cell strategies and immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies have emerged as powerful approaches to reinvigorate tumor-infiltrating T cells, demonstrating considerable promise in clinical outcomes. However, challenges persist, particularly the limited in vivo persistence of adoptively transferred T cells and the variable patient response rates to ICB therapy. Key barriers include T cell exhaustion and the immunosuppressive milieu of the tumor microenvironment. Consequently, a deep understanding of functional modulation of ...
