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Transatlantic Trade and Global Cultural Transfers Since 1492
Access to new plants and consumer goods such as sugar, tobacco, and chocolate from the beginning of the sixteenth century onwards would massively change the way people lived, especially in how and what they consumed. While global markets were consequently formed and provided access to these new commodities that increasingly became important in the ‘Old World’, especially with regard to the establishment early modern consumer societies. This book brings together specialists from a range of historical fields to analyse the establishment of these commodity chains from the Americas to Europe as well as their cultural implications.
Exploring the Mesoamerican Subterranean Realm
Exploring the Mesoamerican Subterranean Realm brings together recent work and interpretations on the use of underground cavities by Mesoamerica’s pre-Columbian cultures, demonstrating their invaluable cultural purpose. Case studies from across the region investigate the ways in which these highly charged points in the sacred landscape were the focus of countless political and religious activities. The volume expands the study of caves to focus on the broader realm of subterranean space, introducing the concept of the constructed subterranean, a space in which the Maya deliberately created sacred landmarks through excavation. Chapters critically examine chultuns, previously thought to be su...
The Archaeology of Ancient North America
Unlike extant texts, this textbook treats pre-Columbian Native Americans as history makers who yet matter in our contemporary world.
Alcohol and Drugs in North America
Alcohol and drugs play a significant role in society, regardless of socioeconomic class. This encyclopedia looks at the history of all drugs in North America, including alcohol, tobacco, prescription drugs, cannabis, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and even chocolate and caffeinated drinks. This two-volume encyclopedia provides accessibly written coverage on a wide range of topics, covering substances ranging from whiskey to peyote as well as related topics such as Mexican drug trafficking and societal effects caused by specific drugs. The entries also supply an excellent overview of the history of temperance movements in Canada and the United States; trends in alcohol consumption, its production, and its role in the economy; as well as alcohol's and drugs' roles in shaping national discourse, the creation of organizations for treatment and study, and legal responses. This resource includes primary documents and a bibliography offering important books, articles, and Internet sources related to the topic.
Interregional Interaction in Ancient Mesoamerica
Interregional Interaction in Ancient Mesoamerica explores the role of interregional interaction in the dynamic sociocultural processes that shaped the pre-Columbian societies of Mesoamerica. Interdisciplinary contributions from leading scholars investigate linguistic exchange and borrowing, scribal practices, settlement patterns, ceramics, iconography, and trade systems, presenting a variety of case studies drawn from multiple spatial, temporal, and cultural contexts within Mesoamerica. Archaeologists have long recognized the crucial role of interregional interaction in the development and cultural dynamics of ancient societies, particularly in terms of the evolution of sociocultural complex...
Irrigation in Early States
Irrigation has long been of interest in the study of the past. Many early civilizations were located in river valleys, and irrigation was of great economic importance for many early states because of the key role it played in producing an agricultural surplus, which was the main source of wealth and the basis of political power for the elites who controlled it. Agricultural surplus was also necessary to maintain the very features of statehood, such as urbanism, full-time labor specialization, state institutions, and status hierarchy. Yet, the presence of large-scale or complex irrigation systems does not necessarily mean that they were under centralized control. While some early states organ...
Birds of the Sun
"The multiple, vivid colors of scarlet macaws and their ability to mimic human speech are key reasons they were and are significant to the Native peoples of the southwestern U.S. and northwest New Mexico. Although the birds' natural habitat is the tropical forests of Mexico and Central America, they were present at multiple archaeological sites in the region. Leading experts in southwestern archaeology explore the reasons why"--
Descendants of Frank W. Hurst, 1863-2000
Frank W. Hurst was born in 1863 in Pennsylvania. He married three times and was the father of eight children. He died in 1940.
Assessment of Technologies Supported by the Office of Science and Technology, Department of Energy
This is the fourth volume containing the results of the peer reviews performed jointly by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and the Institute for Regulatory Science (RSI) for the Office of Science and Technology of the U.S. Department of Energy. It covers the Fiscal Year (FY) 2000 starting October 1, 1999 and ending September 30, 2000.
