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The Social Mind
The Social Mind explores the relationship between people's thoughts and motives and their interpersonal strategies.
Prevention of Substance Use
This volume provides a serious examination of substance use prevention research and practice as components of the continuum from health promotion through to prevention and health care in sub-groups and in the general population. Extensive background chapters provide portals into the evolution of the field and the cutting edge research being conducted on the etiology, epidemiology, and genetics of substance use and abuse. The global nature and health burden of substance use and abuse incorporates assessments of the serious problems related to the prevention of legal substance use (i.e., alcohol and tobacco) and how lessons learned in those arenas may apply to the prevention of illicit substan...
The Social Biome
A deep dive into the importance of daily communication and how we can harness its power to create a better life We spend much of our waking lives communicating with others. How does each moment of interaction shape not only our relationships but also our worldviews? And how can we create moments of connection that improve our health and well-being, particularly in a world in which people are feeling increasingly isolated? Drawing from their extensive research, Andy J. Merolla and Jeffrey A. Hall establish a new way to think about our relational life: as existing within “social biomes”—complex ecosystems of moments of interaction with others. Each interaction we have, no matter how unimportant or mundane it might seem, is a building block of our identities and beliefs. Consequently, the choices we make about how we interact and who we interact with—and whether we interact at all—matter more than we might know. Merolla and Hall offer a sympathetic, practical guide to our vital yet complicated social lives and propose realistic ways to embrace and enhance connection and hope.
House documents
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APS Observer
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The Structure-mapping Engine
This paper describes the Structure-Mapping Engine (SME), a cognitive simulation program for studying human analogical processing. SME is based on Gentner's Structure-Mapping theory of analogy, and provides a 'tool kit' for constructing matching algorithms consistent with this theory. This flexibility enhances cognitive simulation studies by simplifying experimentation. Furthermore, SME is very efficient, making it a candidate component for machine learning systems as well. We review the Structure-Mapping theory and describe the design of the 'engine'. Next we demonstrate some examples of its operation. Finally, we discuss our plans for using SME in cognitive simulation studies. Keywords: Artificial intelligence; Cognitive simulation; Machine learning; Analogy.
Analogical Inference and Analogical Access
Analogy is a powerful technique in commonsense learning and reasoning. People use analogies in problem solving, in developing mental models of a new domain, and in communicating knowledge. To model these natural uses of analogy, we need to understand the whole process of analogizing from the first, starting with access and ending with drawing inferences or extracting a principle from an analogy. In this paper, I first review the structure-mapping theory of analogical processing and describe a simulation of the theory. I then extend this framework to accessing analogy. I discuss some recent research in our lab that suggests that the accessibility of an analogical match is governed by different factors from its inferential soundness. Finally, I consider some competing theoretical approaches to analogy and suggest an integrated architecture for analogical processing.
