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Debt as a social relation at the intersection of history and anthropology in the precarious economies of nineteenth-century liberalism
In the 1970s, the economic and social foundations of Western Europe underwent an unprecedented transformation. Old industries like coal and steel disappeared, millions of people lost their jobs and formerly flourishing towns and cities went into decline. Traditional political agendas gave way to new social problems and concerns. What happened to industrial citizens – their workplaces, their careers and their homes? How did social rights and political participation of workers change when markets became global, management lean and financial capital dominant? How did companies change and how were personal skills and work tasks reinvented under the impact of new technologies? How did workers â...
The nursing process generally is understood as key element of professional nursing care in Germany. This study follows this argument back to the introduction of the nursing process in the 1970s and 1980s. At that time, the German healthcare system underwent dramatic changes and economic reorganization, which can be understood as the emergence of the neoliberal rationale in Germany. The argument of cost explosion was used to restructure hospitals into enterprises that were to operate based on the logic of the market. Its cybernetic logic made the nursing process an ideal instrument to restructure nursing care. Perspectives of governmentality and critical accounting reveal the nursing process as an accounting tool which has made nursing calculable. And while German nurses valued its potential for professionalization, the findings suggest that a newly constituted accountable nursing vocation can instead be considered as de-professionalizing.
The now-popular idea that emotions have an intelligent core (and the reverse, that intelligence has an emotional core) comes from the neurosciences and psychology. Similarly, the fundamental sexualization of the brain - the new interest in "essential differences" in male and female brains and behaviors - is based on neuroscience research and neuroimages of emotions. In Sexualized Brains, scholars from a range of disciplines reflect on the epistemological claims that emotional intelligence (EI) can be located in the brain and that it is legitimate to attribute distinct kinds of emotions to the biological sexes. The brain, as an icon, has colonized the humanities and social sciences, leading to the emergence of such new disciplines as neurosociology, neuroeconomics, and neurophilosophy. Neuroscience and psychology now have the power to transform not only the practice of science but also contemporary society. These developments, the essays in this volume show, will soon affect the very heart of gender studies.
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Fallgeschichten sind en vogue. In diesem Band geht es um dreierlei: erstens um Fallakten und Fallgeschichten als historische Quellen sowie um den Stellenwert von Fallstudien in der Geschichtswissenschaft. Zweitens um die Rolle von »Fällen« für die Medizin und Psychiatrie des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts. Und drittens um die Erfahrungen von Menschen, die zu einem »Fall« werden. Der Band versammelt neue Forschungsergebnisse zur Psychia- trie- und Medizingeschichte und leistet damit einen Beitrag zur aktuellen Debatte über fallbezogene Untersuchungen in der Geschichtswissenschaft.