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This handbook provides a comprehensive account of how international law is understood and practiced in Europe, which is defined for the purposes of the book as Council of Europe countries, in the past and in the present. It is separated into parts covering Europe's values, intellectual traditions, and institutions, as well as examinations of European countries and regions. A diverse group of leading scholars and practitioners of international law are led by three overarching focus points: the success and failures of the pacifying effect of international law, the diversity of international legal experiences and traditions within Europe, and the impact of European ideas on international law globally. By examining these areas, the book also analyses Europe's changing role in the world, and the impact of global influences on the understanding of international law in European countries. The book is a study of regionalism in international law, but also a study of the impact of a region which, at least historically, has had an overwhelming influence on the development and interpretations of international law.
Shedding new light on the issues concerning refugees and immigration in 20th-century Sweden, this analysis examines the implications of its immigration policies. On what grounds were refugees admitted? Where did they come from? How did the Swedish state aid its new citizens? What differences were there between refugees and the imported labor that was essential to Swedish industry? A group of established Swedish and international historians answer these questions against the background of the eras passed: the Second World War, the Cold War, and the labor movement that shaped the national characteristic of Sweden so deeply. Reaching a State of Hope contributes to the wider field of research on political and administrative practices around refugees historically and places the Swedish refugee and immigration experience in a European perspective.
National history has once again become a battlefield. In internal political conflicts, which are fought on the terrain of popular culture, museums, schoolbooks, and memorial politics, it has taken on a newly important and contested role. Irrespective of national specifics, the narratives of new nationalism are quite similar everywhere. National history is said to stretch back many centuries, expressesing the historical continuity of a homogeneous people and its timeless character. This people struggles for independence, guided by towering leaders and inspired by the sacrifice of martyrs. Unlike earlier forms of nationalism, the main enemies are no longer neighbouring states, but internationa...
If the turn of the twenty-first century was characterised by the ‘history wars’ in which bitter internecine battles raged between different historical schools, Jonathan Steinberg was noteworthy for his methodological pluralism. His own historical worked spanned diplomatic history, military history, the social history of war, biography, social history, banking history, political culture and genocide studies. He often employed a comparative historical approach, which teased out deep historical explanations by examining personalities, nations and traditions simultaneously. This book offers a critical appreciation of his contribution to modern historical practice with contributions by former students and colleagues, whose own interests are as diverse as those of Steinberg himself.
A collection of documents supplementing the companion series known as "Colonial records of Pennsylvania" which contain the minutes of the Provincial Council, of the Council of Safety, and of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania.
Between 1939 and 1945, the Nazis murdered six million Jews in the Holocaust and looted Jewish assets currently valued at between $230 billion and $320 billion. As Hitler's power grew, many Jewish families and businesses took advantage of the promise of secrecy and protection and deposited their funds in Swiss banks. For over half of a century, these funds remained in Swiss banks, protected by a veil of Swiss banking secrecy, concealed by coordinated bank obfuscation. In 1996 and 1997, Holocaust survivors' class actions lawsuits against leading Swiss banking institutions were assigned to Chief Judge Edward R. Korman, who has written an introduction to this volume. In 2000, Judge Korman approv...