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Bioethics, Politics and Business
In the decision-making involving biosciences and biotechnology, both politicians and the general public have come to increasingly rely on different kinds of experts and specialised bodies. Interest groups such as industry, religious authorities and consumer organisations also try to influence political decision-making, and the role of the media has not always been - it is claimed - as neutral as the public perceives it to be. At the same time, according to the democratic ideal, ultimate power should rest with the parliamentarians and with the people. Who has the power in decision-making in biotechnology? Can there be legitimate expertise in bioethics? How can we improve the power balance? These are some of the questions this book seeks to answer. The book is divided into three parts. The first part presents articles dealing with the role of biopolitics and the expert bodies in relation to the democratic ideal. The second part looks at the special role of the media in relation to decision-making in bioethics and biopolitics. The third part of the book looks at the links between the biotechnology industry and bioethical decision-making.
Institutional Change in Upstream Innovation Governance
The book takes issue with the changing role of government in devising and applying science, technology and innovation (STI) policies in a late-comer economy. South Korea is presented as a point in case, due to its astonishing ascent from a developing nation in the 1960s, to an emerging market in the 1980s and a high-technology powerhouse of our days. Which incentives have kept the government focused on productivity-enhancing STI policies? And why should Korea's national innovation system be reconfigured to fully prepare for the technological challenges of the 21st century? An institutional economics perspective complemented by expert interviews shows that organizations and institutions concerned with STI policy-making in Korea have co-evolved simultaneously mainly driven by the timing of presidential election cycles. The book contains a summary in Korean.
University-Industry Collaboration New Evidence and Policy Options
This report discusses challenges and opportunities in assessing the impacts of science-industry knowledge exchange on innovation.
The Evolution of Intermediary Institutions in Europe
This book investigates the consecutive shifts between three types of intermediary institutions in the European context: Corporatist, Neo-corporatist and Governance institutions. It does so by combining insights from European Political Economy; European Integration and governance studies; and, socio-legal studies in the European context.
Legitime Strategien der Dissensbewältigung in demokratischen Staaten
Die besondere Problematik bioethischer Entscheidungen liegt darin, dass über sie in pluralistischen Gesellschaften regelmäßig kein Konsens zu erzielen ist. Gleichzeitig erfordert die Rechtssicherheit in vielen Fällen, wie etwa der Stammzellforschung, der Transplantationsmedizin und der Sterbehilfe, eine Regelung auf überindividueller Ebene. Ein Handeln des Gesetzgebers ist gefragt, aber es gibt keine anerkannten Standards, anhand derer ein Gesetz erlassen werden könnte; ein Konsens über inhaltliche Fragen erscheint ausgeschlossen. Gegenstand der Arbeit ist die Frage, wie verschiedene Staaten mit dem Dissens in bioethischen Fragen bei gleichzeitigem Regelungsbedürfnis der Materie umge...
Governance of Innovation Systems: Case studies in cross-sectoral policy
This book provides lessons from case studies in policy governance for the information society and sustainable development. It highlights important lessons from these policy areas for the governance of innovation policy, and illustrates mechanisms and practices for better co-ordination and integration across policy areas.
Governance of Innovation Systems
This book examines how systems of innovation governance have come under pressure and how governments can adapt their practices to achieve better policies to promote innovation.
