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Space Physics and Aeronomy, Magnetospheres in the Solar System
Überblick über den aktuellen Wissensstand und künftige Forschungsrichtungen in der Magnetosphärenphysik In den sechs Jahrzehnten seit der Einführung des Begriffs ?Magnetosphäre? sind über den magnetisierten Raum, der jeden Körper in unserem Sonnensystem umgibt, viele Theorien entstanden und viele Erkenntnisse gewonnen worden. Jede Magnetosphäre ist einzigartig und verhält sich doch entsprechend den universellen physikalischen Vorgängen. Der Band ?Magnetospheres in the Solar System? enthält Beiträge von Experten für Experimentalphysik, theoretische Physik und numerische Modellierung, die einen Überblick über verschiedene Magnetosphären vermitteln, von der winzigen Magnetosph...
Variability in the Solar Wind and its Impact on the Coupled Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System
The plasma and fields variability of the solar wind, which include the pristine solar wind structures (e.g., ICMEs, IMF discontinuities, coherent structures, interplanetary shocks, high speed streams, and other variations in the solar wind) and the perturbations coming from the bow shock and foreshock, are the main sources of space hazards. They can significantly influence the dynamics of the magnetosphere and considerably affect human technological systems in the coupled magnetospheric and ionospheric system. For better prediction and mitigation of the consequences of space weather events, it is essential to apply a holistic approach which incorporates studying the generation and evolution of these solar wind structures, and their impacts on the magnetosphere, ionosphere and thermosphere.
Dayside Magnetosphere Interactions
Exploring the processes and phenomena of Earth's dayside magnetosphere Energy and momentum transfer, initially taking place at the dayside magnetopause, is responsible for a variety of phenomenon that we can measure on the ground. Data obtained from observations of Earth’s dayside magnetosphere increases our knowledge of the processes by which solar wind mass, momentum, and energy enter the magnetosphere. Dayside Magnetosphere Interactions outlines the physics and processes of dayside magnetospheric phenomena, the role of solar wind in generating ultra-low frequency waves, and solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling. Volume highlights include: Phenomena across different temporal and s...
Progress Toward Implementation of the 2013 Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics
The 2013 report Solar and Space Physics; A Science for a Technological Society outlined a program of basic and applied research for the period 2013-2022. This publication describes the most significant scientific discoveries, technical advances, and relevant programmatic changes in solar and space physics since the publication of that decadal survey. Progress Toward Implementation of the 2013 Decadal Survey for Solar and Space Physics assesses the degree to which the programs of the National Science Foundation and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration address the strategies, goals, and priorities outlined in the 2013 decadal survey, and the progress that has been made in meeting those goals. This report additionally considers steps to enhance career opportunities in solar and space physics and recommends actions that should be undertaken to prepare for the next decadal survey.
Outer Magnetospheric Boundaries: Cluster Results
When the stream of plasma emitted from the Sun (the solar wind) encounters Earth's magnetic field, it slows down and flows around it, leaving behind a cavity, the magnetosphere. The magnetopause is the surface that separates the solar wind on the outside from the Earth's magnetic field on the inside. Because the solar wind moves at supersonic speed, a bow shock must form ahead of the magnetopause that acts to slow the solar wind to subsonic speeds. Magnetopause, bow shock and their environs are rich in exciting processes in collisionless plasmas, such as shock formation, magnetic reconnection, particle acceleration and wave-particle interactions. They are interesting in their own right, as p...
Earth's Low-Latitude Boundary Layer
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 133. We imagine the reader of this preface standing at the AGU bookstall wondering if the tome in hand is worth buying. The answer is “no”, except for certain trifling exceptions. Those who wish to learn about the exciting pioneering years of LLBL research should buy the book for Tim Eastman's excellent historical review, our opening chapter. When did the term “LLBL” first enter the field? Eastman will tell you, and much else besides.
Past, Present and Future Of Multispacecraft Measurements For Space Physics
Multi-spacecraft scientific missions for space physics have been flown since the 1960s with early missions such as IMP, VELA, Helios, and ISEE. Much of the success in understanding the Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere and the physics and evolution of the solar wind has come from multi-spacecraft measurements. Multi-spacecraft measurements have been essential for studying the transport of plasma and energy, the motion of boundaries, the evolution of structure, the growth of instabilities, particle injections, and the rudiments of cross-scale coupling, and they have allowed accurate determinations of the orientation of plasma boundaries and current sheets, the geometry of magnetic field structures, the remote connections along magnetic field lines, and the direction of plasma-wave vectors. Multispacecraft missions continue into the present including planned constellation-type missions plus the use of the Heliophysics Great Observatory, a collection of data from diverse spacecraft throughout the heliosphere. Modern four-spacecraft volumetric measurements are enabling the measurement of the gradients, divergences and curls of the vector fields.
