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The nineteenth century opened with the See of Peter vacant as rumors circulated throughout war-torn Europe that the papacy had come to an end. By 1870, however, the First Vatican Council had pronounced the doctrine of papal infallibility, turning the pontiff into the Church’s supreme and infallible authority. From the point of view of intellectual history, this volume tells the story of how political ultramontanism helped to reinvigorate and transform the papacy into a diplomatically effective power that could harness the devotion of millions throughout the globe. The new theology generated debate among Catholics across Europe, leading to schism and excommunication but also to new teachings and ecclesiologies and a role for the pope as international arbitrator.
“Science” and “Religion” have been two major elements in the building of modern nation-states. While contemporary historiography of science has studied the interactions between nation building and the construction of modern scientific and technological institutions, “science-and-religion” is still largely based on a supposed universal historiography in which global notions of “science” and of “religion” are seldom challenged. This book explores the interface between science, religion and nationalism at a local level, paying attention to the roles religious institutions, specific confessional traditions, or an undefined notion of “religion” played in the construction o...
The first comprehensive history of the Catholic Church’s notorious Index, with resonance for ongoing debates over banned books, censorship, and free speech. For more than four hundred years, the Catholic Church’s Index Librorum Prohibitorum struck terror into the hearts of authors, publishers, and booksellers around the world, while arousing ridicule and contempt from many others, especially those in Protestant and non-Christian circles. Biased, inconsistent, and frequently absurd in its attempt to ban objectionable texts of every conceivable description—with sometimes fatal consequences—the Index also reflected the deep learning and careful consideration of many hundreds of intellectual contributors over the long span of its storied evolution. This book constitutes the first full study of the Index of Prohibited Books to be published in English. It examines the reasons behind the Church’s attempts to censor religious, scientific, and artistic works, and considers not only why this most sustained of campaigns failed, but what lessons can be learned for today’s debates over freedom of expression and cancel culture.
Mad, but true, stories from the more eccentric side of the beautiful game.
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