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Pluralism, Property, and Radical Transformation
Property theory-the justification for who has access to which resources, for what ends, and when-lies at the heart of political, social and legal thought. Yet from Locke to Bentham, Hayek, Hegel, Marx, and up to the present, thinkers on this subject have taken for granted that there is one right answer to the question: What is Man? Pluralism, Property, and Radical Transformation offers a novel property theory that rejects this assumption. Drawing on intellectual history, ethics, and political economy, Matthew Kruger argues that we must seriously consider the fact that life is constituted by tragic conflicts between goods. Instead of designing a prescriptive model based on a single anthropolo...
Incommensurability and its Implications for Practical Reasoning, Ethics and Justice
If values conflict and rival human interests clash we often have to weigh them against each other. However, under particular conditions incommensurability prevents the assignment of determinable and impartial weights. In those cases an objective balance does not exist. The original thesis of this book sheds new light on aspects of incommensurability and its implications for public decision-making, ethics and justice. Martijn Boot analyzes a number of previously ignored or unrecognized concepts, such as ‘incomplete comparability’, ‘incompletely justified choice’, ‘indeterminateness’ and ‘ethical deficit’ – concepts that are essential for comprehending problems of incommensur...
A Philosophy of Comparisons
Comparing is one of the most essential practices, in our everyday life as well as in science and humanities. In this in-depth philosophical analysis of the structure, practice and ethics of comparative procedures, Hartmut von Sass expands on the significance of comparison. Elucidating the ramified structure of comparing, von Sass suggests a typology of comparisons before introducing the notion of comparative injustice and the limits of comparisons. He elaborates on comparing as practice by relating comparing to three relative practices – orienting, describing, and expressing oneself – to unfold some of the most important chapters of what might be called comparativism. This approach allows von Sass to clarify the idea of the incomparable, distinguish between different versions of incomparability and shed light on important ethical aspects of comparisons today. Confronting the claim that we are living in an age of comparisons, his book is an important contribution to ideas surrounding all-encompassing measurements and scalability and their critique.
AI Morality
A philosophical task force explores how AI is revolutionizing our lives - and what moral problems it might bring, showing us what to be wary of, and what to be hopeful for. There is no more important issue at present than artificial intelligence. AI has begun to penetrate almost every sphere of human activity. It will disrupt our lives entirely. David Edmonds brings together a team of leading philosophers to explore some of the urgent moral concerns we should have about this revolution. The chapters are rich with examples from contemporary society and imaginative projections of the future. The contributors investigate problems we're all aware of, and introduce some that will be new to many readers. They discuss self and identity, health and insurance, politics and manipulation, the environment, work, law, policing, and defence. Each of them explains the issue in a lively and illuminating way, and takes a view about how we should think and act in response. Anyone who is wondering what ethical challenges the future holds for us can start here.
The Oxford Handbook of Population Ethics
Interdisciplinary group of contributors from philosophy, political theory, and economies, Presents philosophical and theoretical analyses that inform thinking on contemporary problems including climate change and health-care Book jacket.
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Normative Pluralism
The potential conflicts between morality and self-interest lies at the heart of ethics. However, moral philosophers sometimes think of their task as trying to gain knowledge simply of what we are morally required to do, leaving aside the larger normative question of what we ought to do all things considered, while others have assumed that what we ought to do all things considered just is what we morally ought to do. Mathea Sagdahl grapples with the more fundamental question of what we ought to do all things considered, but argues that there may be no simple answer to this question. Behind the assumption that there is something we ought to do all things considered, often lies another undefend...
Making Comparisons Count
This book attempts to answer two questions: Are alternatives for choice ever incomparable? and In what ways can items be compared? The arguments offered suggest that alternatives for choice no matter how different are never incomparable, and that the ways in which items can be compared are richer and more varied than commonly supposed.
