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Japanese Resistance to American Financial Hegemony
This book investigates why the convergence of Japan’s bank-centered financial system to an American-style capital market-based model has lost steam since the mid-2000s, despite financial deregulation during the 1980s and 1990s. Examining the ideational conflict within Japanese elites between the market liberalization and anti-free market camps, it scrutinizes the American and Japanese credit rating agencies operating in Tokyo and explores the differences between the two major industrial associations, Keidanren and Doyukai, which have played a key role as "ideational platforms" for Japanese corporate society. The book emphasizes the concept of "systemic support", whose broadened definition ...
Inequality and Public Policy
This book’s concern is with visible inequalities in housing, health, and education, and policy initiatives to address them. The authors offer readers a summary of evidence on inequalities – not only in income, gender, and wealth but also in education, health, and housing. They showcase temporal and cross-country trends as well as the policy initiatives to minimize visible inequalities. The book also discusses policy initiatives and provides clarity on what works, what does not, and what may be of use when formulating public policies. Seventeen countries were chosen for focus based on their share in global population; of these, seven are given special focus, which together account for a little over half the world’s population. Offering current research as well as insights into prospects for visible inequalities, the book is an essential read for students and professionals interested in the study of visible inequalities and equal opportunity.
The Exclusionary Politics of Digital Financial Inclusion
Focusing on Kenya’s path-breaking mobile money project M-Pesa, this book examines and critiques the narratives and institutions of digital financial inclusion as a development strategy for gender equality, arguing for a politics of redistribution to guide future digital financial inclusion projects. One of the most-discussed digital financial inclusion projects, M-Pesa facilitates the transfer of money and access to formal financial services via the mobile phone infrastructure and has grown at a phenomenal rate since its launch in 2007 to reach about 80 per cent of the Kenyan population. Through a socio-legal enquiry drawing on feminist political economy, law and development scholarship an...
Nuclear Power Safety and Governance in East Asia
Confronting the challenges of nuclear power governance, this book provides pathways to nuclear safety cooperation between countries in East Asia where regional cooperation is challenged by geopolitical tensions. The book is split into three parts: first looking at nuclear risk and safety communications, second on nuclear policy and harmonization of safety standards, and third a comparative analysis of nuclear regulatory agencies in East Asia. Taken as a whole, the contributors recommend the establishment of a nuclear safety system that, which allows for mutual verification of safety standards at the regional level, and a regulatory framework with international credibility, which will help st...
The Governance of Economic Development
China is caught in the rapids of the largest policy crackdown in history. The ferocity of this far-reaching crackdown, dispersed across every market sector, has cast into scrutiny a newly emerging era of development and raised new questions about what it means for the future of Chinese governance and development. Has China abandoned its modern commitment to market-oriented reforms? Is this a reversion to the bygone days of Maoist Communism? The ongoing crackdown, this book argues, is not a break from but a continuation of the legacy of development initiated 50 years ago under Deng Xiaoping. Drawing on rich economic and developmental data, the book recasts old ideas about Chinese governance w...
Cybersecurity, Law, and Economics
This book examines the intersection between cybersecurity and the law and economy of India and offers a course of action in designing efficacious policies against emerging cybercrimes in the country. It reviews the boom in infrastructure growth in India and the security challenges this presents to the domestic economy and legal system. The contributors conducted a risk assessment of the potential economic impacts and security vulnerabilities, as well as identified the current regulatory and legal gaps regarding cryptocurrency, ecommerce, and digital banking. The book also considers the subject of data localization and sovereignty, and the challenges of establishing an indigenous data architecture. By discussing the economic impact of cybersecurity and incorporating recommendations from scholars, activists, academics, young legal intellectuals, and professionals in the field, the chapters propose new measures and protections for lawmakers and policymakers to adopt. This book will interest researchers and students of cybersecurity, law and economics, international relations, and Indian policymakers.
Moral Hazard
Moral Hazard is a core concept in economics. In a nutshell, moral hazard reflects the reduced incentive to protect against risk where an entity is (or believes it will be) protected from its consequences, whether through an insurance arrangement or an implicit or explicit guarantee system. It is fundamentally driven by information asymmetry, arises in all sectors of the economy, including banking, medical insurance, financial insurance, and governmental support, undermines the stability of our economic systems and has burdened taxpayers in all developed countries, resulting in significant costs to the community. Despite the seriousness and pervasiveness of moral hazard, policymakers and scho...
Startup Capitalism
In Startup Capitalism, Robyn Klingler-Vidra and Ramon Pacheco Pardo explore the place of startups in contemporary East Asian economies. The last few decades have seen East Asian governments provide increasing support for startups—new, high-growth, technologically oriented firms. Yet, as the authors observe, such initiatives do not necessarily benefit the growth of startups as challengers to large, established firms. Rather, they often enable startups to function as boosters for the competitiveness of these firms. Startups, in short, are both disruptors to and resources for big businesses. Klingler-Vidra and Pacheco Pardo demonstrate this dual role by examining the evolution of startup-centric policies in Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and China. They show that in the region, what they call startup capitalism—an economic and political system in which startups contribute to employment, innovation, and growth—can take multiple forms. Rich with empirical detail, Startup Capitalism reveals how and why startups can end up working with—or even for—large firms to drive a country's technological capabilities.
