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Erasing and Rewriting in Manuscript Cultures
Across the most diverse societies, the reuse of writing surfaces in contexts such as learning to write, note-taking, literary creation, and bookkeeping has been not only desirable but essential to optimising resources. In these contexts, it has been typical to use erasable media of various kinds – a practice which in turn has had important implications for palaeography, literary creation, and virtually every aspect related to writing. Manuscript cultures addressed the quest for rewritability through using permanently recyclable materials such as clay and wax tablets, special technologies such as erasable coatings, and ingenious strategies for reusing papyrus, parchment, paper, wood, and mo...
Spaces of Adolescence
Adolescence is a phase of transition, change and upheaval. These processes are often translated into movements through space in literary representations. The narrated space is to be read in its construction and semantics as a complex symbol carrier that is able to connect different dimensions with one another. The study develops, with reference to cultural-scientific spatial theories, a methodical model to analyze current youth novels from a topographical perspective and thus to discuss the interweaving of space, movement and growing up. In the cultural studies and narratological view of (narrative) spaces of adolescence, new trends and developments in youth literature after 2000 manifest th...
Inscribing Knowledge in the Medieval Book
This collection of essays examines how the paratextual apparatus of medieval manuscripts both inscribes and expresses power relations between the producers and consumers of knowledge in this important period of intellectual history. It seeks to define which paratextual features – annotations, commentaries, corrections, glosses, images, prologues, rubrics, and titles – are common to manuscripts from different branches of medieval knowledge and how they function in any particular discipline. It reveals how these visual expressions of power that organize and compile thought on the written page are consciously applied, negotiated or resisted by authors, scribes, artists, patrons and readers. This collection, which brings together scholars from the history of the book, law, science, medicine, literature, art, philosophy and music, interrogates the role played by paratexts in establishing authority, constructing bodies of knowledge, promoting education, shaping reader response, and preserving or subverting tradition in medieval manuscript culture.
The Ancient World Revisited: Material Dimensions of Written Artefacts
Written artefacts are traditionally studied because of their content. Material aspects of these artefacts enrich the study of ancient history in many ways. Eleven case studies in five sections on the ancient world, including the Near East, Egypt, the Mediterranean, China and India, demonstrate the impact of a holistic approach that considers materiality and content alike. Following an introductory sketch of relevant research, the first section, ‘Methodological Considerations’, critically examines the limitations the evidence available imposes on our understanding. ‘Early Uses of Writing’ addresses material and spatial aspects of inscriptions, and their communicative functions over th...
Digital Scholarly Editions Beyond Text
Scholarly editions contextualize our cultural heritage. Traditionally, methodologies from the field of scholarly editing are applied to works of literature, e.g. in order to trace their genesis or present their varied history of transmission. What do we make of the variance in other types of cultural heritage? How can we describe, record, and reproduce it systematically? From medieval to modern times, from image to audiovisual media, the book traces discourses across different disciplines in order to develop a conceptual model for scholarly editions on a broader scale. By doing so, it also delves into the theory and philosophy of the (digital) humanities as such.
Geschichte erzählen. Strategien der Narrativierung von Vergangenheit im Mittelalter
Die Beiträge dieses Bandes gehen auf eine internationale Tagung zurück, die 2017 in Manchester stattgefunden hat. Sie untersuchen die Darstellung von Geschichte in der mittelalterlichen deutschen Literatur auf der Basis von aktuellen erzähltheoretischen Forschungsansätzen. Dabei wird ein breites Spektrum an Texten, Gattungen und Diskursen in den Blick genommen; als Angelpunkt für zahlreiche relevante Fragestellungen erweist sich die im 12. Jahrhundert entstandene ›Kaiserchronik‹. Geleitet von der Erkenntnis, dass Vergangenheit erst im Erzählen zu Geschichte wird, analysieren die Beiträge einschlägige narrative Strategien.
Illustrierte Aristotelescodices
English summary: From the late 12th century onwards, a new intellectual writing culture developed at the emerging European universities. New teaching and learning structures made the book the central medium for the acquisition and transfer of knowledge. Using numerous illustrated manuscripts containing tracts of Aristotle and Aristotle's commentaries in Latin translation, the author examines the importance of the visual organization of these codices with their characteristic ordinatio and page arrangement for processes of transmission and reception. Special attention is paid to the role of images in the manuscripts, which not only functioned as status symbols but also as highly efficient too...
Graffiti Scratched, Scrawled, Sprayed
Over the last two decades, the study of graffiti has emerged as a bustling field, invigorated by increased appreciation for their historical, linguistic, sociological, and anthropological value and propelled by ambitious documentation projects. The growing understanding of graffiti as a perennial, universal phenomenon is spurring holistic consideration of this mode of graphic expression across time and space. Graffiti Scratched, Scrawled, Sprayed: Towards a Cross-Cultural Understanding complements recent efforts to showcase the diversity in creation, reception, and curation of graffiti around the globe, throughout history and up to the present day. Reflecting on methodology, concepts, and terminology as well as spatial, social, and historical contexts of graffiti, the book’s fourteen chapters cover ancient Egypt, Rome, Northern Arabia, Persia, India, and the Maya; medieval Eastern Mediterranean, Turfan, and Dunhuang; and contemporary Tanzania, Brazil, China, and Germany. As a whole, the collection provides a comprehensive toolkit for newcomers to the field of graffiti studies and appeals to specialists interested in viewing these materials in a cross-cultural perspective.
Erzählte Oratorik
Deutschsprachige Erzähltexte des Mittelalters verbinden das Problemfeld von Herrschaft und sozialer Ordnung oft mit der Darstellung rednerischer Kompetenz. Für Fürsten und herrschaftsnahe Eliten erscheint Eloquenz als zentrale Bedingung erfolgreichen Regierens. Über den Begriff der ‚erzählten Oratorik‘ untersucht diese Studie die narrative Inszenierung politischer Rede zwischen dem 13. und frühen 15. Jahrhundert, am Beispiel von Ulrichs von Etzenbach Alexanderroman, Ottokars von Steiermark Steirischer Reimchronik und Heinrich Wittenwilers Ring. Die Monografie verbindet Ansätze der germanistischen Mediävistik mit Perspektiven aus der Geschichtswissenschaft, der Rhetorikforschung und der politischen Philosophie. Sie schlägt ein heuristisches Modell vor, das zwischen Darstellung, Repräsentation und Praxis als Untersuchungsdimensionen politischer Oratorik unterscheidet. So wird deutlich: Anders als vielfach angenommen, bricht die Tradition politischer Rede nach der Antike nicht ab – sie entwickelt genuin mittelalterliche Formen.
Von Widukind zur 'Sassine'
Der Band fragt danach, in welcher Weise regionale Identitäten im norddeutschen Kulturraum im Mittelalter und in der Frühen Neuzeit hervorgebracht werden. Der spatial turn innerhalb der Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften hat das Interesse, wie 'Regionalität' konzeptualisiert und konstruiert wird, neu befeuert; damit werden auch jene Fragen nach dem Verhältnis von Identität und Alterität neu konturiert, die die Mediävistik seit den 1970er Jahren verstärkt beschäftigen. Denn unbestreitbar ist, dass neben sprachlichen, historischen, politischen und ökonomischen Kriterien auch regionale Zugehörigkeiten eine besondere Funktion für die Bildung von personaler und gruppenbezogener Identität besitzen können. Wie sich regionale Identitäten jedoch ausbilden und durch welche komplexen Verhältnisse von Selbst- wie Fremdzuschreibungen sie bestimmt sind, bedarf eingehender historisierender Untersuchungen, die der Band für die lebendige Kontakt- und Grenzregion des norddeutschen Raums vorlegt.
